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Issue 1-2017

№ 1 (75) – 2017 (January – March)

 

SOCIAL INSURANCE

 

 

Roik V.D. Social budgeting in Russia: from paternalistic to insurance paradigm…………….

4

Solovyev A.K. Pension provision in Russia………………………………………………………

14

 

LABOUR RESOURCES

 

 

Uzyakova E.S. Labour resource constraints and growth opportunities in economy…………

22

Alexandrova O.A., Nenakhova Yu.S., Yarasheva A.V. Possibility of the strategic planning of labour potential in the light and food industry, and agro-industrial complex……..

35

 

DEMOGRAPHY

 

 

Kazenin K.I., Kozlov V.A.  Childbearing age in Dagestan: significance of the ethnic

factor under the conditions of modernization……………………………………………………...

46

Sukhareva I.A. Dynamics of the male life expectancy in the Republic of Crimea……………

59

 

SOCIOLOGICAL STUDIES

 

 

Rimashevskaya N.M., Malysheva M.M., Morozova T.V., Pisklakova-Parker M.P.

Trans-generational violence in families……………………………………………………………

65

Iudin A.A., Ovsyannikov A.A., Kovshova E.S. Parents of schoolchildren about the education system: reformists and conservatives…………………………………………………

79

Trofimova K.A. Attitude of the Russian population towards insurance……………………….

92

Korchagina I.I., Migranova L.A. Estimation of the quality of life according to the population survey outcomes………………………………………………………………………..

103

 

LIFE IN THE INTERNET SPACE

 

 

Zherebin V.M., Alexeeva O.A., Vershinskaya O.N. Socio-psychological features of Internet users…………………………………………………………………………………………

116

 

INVESTMENT IN CHILDREN’S HUMAN CAPITAL

 

 

Vyalshina A.A. Socio-economic factors of the formation of children’s human capital……….

125

 

SCIENTIFIC LIFE AT ISESP RAS

 

 

X Russian-Polish scientific seminar Health and Quality of Life……………………………

135

Methodological seminar The Issues of Estimating Programmes, Projects and Practices of Initiative Budgeting…………………………………………………………………

138

International research and practical conference Fatherhood in Russia Today…………

141

Expert seminar Demographic Trends in the Family Policy:

In Unity or Contradiction?....................................................................................................

147

Authors…………………………………………………………………………………………………

154

Summary in Russian………………………………………………………………………………..

156

Summary in Еnglish………………………………………………………………………………….

160

 

Valentin D. ROIK

Social budgeting in Russia: from paternalistic to insurance paradigm

Key words: social budget, social insurance and social security, social sphere, capital, wage labour.

Abstract. Social protection is the key element in organization of population life. Social budget serves as the instrument of its funding. At present there are different models of the organization of social budget. Basing on their capabilities, countries redistribute through social budget from 10 to 30% of their GDP. Social budgeting models depend on many factors that should be taken into account together with the practices of developed countries and the national   experience. Today social budgeting is faced with new challenges — new situation on the labour market and population ageing. Many countries have begun to reduce social protection expenditure giving priority to development of individual forms of mutual assistance. Other countries are raising the role of individual efforts in the sphere of social insurance. In Russia the time is ripe to transform the existing system of social security in the sphere of pension and health insurance, to form a new model of distributing financial burden between the main subjects of legal relations.

 

Bibliography

 

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Arkady K. SOLOVYEV

Pension provision in Russia

Key words: subsistence minimum of pensioners, living standards, replacement rate, labour pension.

Abstract. The only measure of the level of pension provision in the Russian Federation set by the law has been for a long time the subsistence minimum of pensioners (SMP). The article provides estimation of the level of pension provision using another indicator — replacement rate, which allows characterizing the living standards of people after retirement in comparison with those in the employment period, i.e. in terms of replacement of the lost earnings by pension, or in comparison with the living standards of the present-day employees. The author also analyses trends and dynamics in the change of these indicators in the course of the pension reform.

 

Bibliography

 

  1. Solovyev A.K. Pensionnaya reforma: illyuzii i real'nost' [Pension Reform: Illusions and Reality]. Textbook. Moscow. Prospekt. 2015. 300 p.
  2. Solovyev A.K. Koeffitsiyent zameshcheniya: problemy teorii i praktiki [Replacement Rate: Issues of Theory and Practice]. Moscow. Variant. 2014. 304 p.
  3. Solovyev A.K., Melezhik N.V., Nurieva N.N. Aktuarnyy analiz pensionnogo obespecheniya zastrakhovannykh lits, rabotayushchikh v rayonakh Kraynego Severa i priravnennykh k nim mestnostyakh [Actuarial analysis of the pension provision of the insured persons working in the Far North regions and equivalent areas]. Voprosy Statistiki. 2013. No 3. P. 60-90.
  4. Solovyev A.K. Problema preodoleniya bednosti pensionerov — klyuchevaya zadacha gosudarstva i obshchestva sovremennoy Rossii [The problem of overcoming poverty among pensioners as the key task of the state and society in today’s Russia]. Ekonomicheskiye i sotsial'nyye peremeny. Fakty, tendentsii, prognoz [Economic and Social Changes. Facts, Trends, Forecast]. 2014. No 5(35). P. 143-155.

 

Elena S. UZYAKOVA

Labour resource constraints and growth opportunities in economy

Key words: economic growth, sphere of material production, labour costs, conditional effective employment, labour productivity, productivity of primary resources use.

Abstract. The article discusses the issues of forecasting employment and labour productivity in the Russian economy on the example of the material sphere. To assess the growth opportunities in this sphere under the labour resources constraints, the author used the concept of conditional effective employment based on the relationship of labour productivity and productivity of primary resources use. There are given forecasts based on the estimates of the nominal (official statistics) and conditional efficiency of employment. The extent of the restrictive impact of labour resources on the economic growth is measured by the degree of mismatch of labour demand (the estimated number of the employed) and labour supply, determined by the demographic processes. On the basis of calculations the article shows that the deficit of labour resources has become a significant restriction of the Russian economic growth, and the growth opportunities in the sphere of material production in the medium and long-term perspective (if the present level of employment remains) are limited by the annual rate of 2.5-3.0%.

 

Bibliography

 

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  4. Uzyakova E. S. Analiz i prognozirovaniye zanyatosti i zatrat truda v rossiyskoy ekonomike [Analysis and forecasting of employment and labor input in the Russianeconomy]. Problemy prognozirovaniya[Studies of Russian Economic Development]. 2015. No 4. P. 58-70.
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Olga A. ALEXANDROVA, Yulia S. NENAKHOVA, AZIZA V. YARASHEVA

Possibility of the strategic planning of labour potential in the light and food industry, and agro-industrial complex

Key words: labour potential, strategic planning, light and food industry, agro-industrial complex, personnel, vocational training

Abstract. On the basis of the data from a sociological study conducted in three Russian regions, in the economic structure of which a significant role is played by the light and food industry, and agro-industrial complex, the article presents analysis of the human resources in the relevant industries, ways to fill vacancies, factors determining the planning horizons of enterprises, and the effects on them of the recently adopted laws on the strategic planning and industrial policy.

 

Bibliography

 

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Konstantin I. KAZENIN, Vladimir A. KOZLOV

Childbearing age in Dagestan: significance of the ethnic factor under the conditions of modernization

Key words: fertility, mean age at childbearing, North Caucasus, Dagestan, modernization, education, ethnicity.

Abstract. The article deals with fertility in the Republic of Dagestan, which markedly differs from the Russian average in fertility timing: the mean age of mother at the first childbirth in Dagestan is not rising and remains at a relatively low level. And there are significant differences between the ethnic groups in the republic that from the point of the demographic theory seems quite unexpected against the background of the ongoing modernization changes in the republic. Based on the analysis of the data from the All-Russian population census — 2010 and from the survey conducted by the authors in Dagestan, the article shows that the ethnic differences in the age of mothers at the first childbirth are remaining, even among women with high education level and younger age cohorts. Lack of neutralization of the ethnic differences by the character of childbearing in the educated groups of population is quite a rare phenomenon that needs a special explanation. Its possible social and cultural origins are the subject of discussion.

 

Bibliography

 

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Irina A. SUKHAREVA

Dynamics of the male life expectancy in the Republic of Crimea

Key words: mortality, life expectancy, causes of death, men, Republic of Crimea.

Abstract. The article presents analysis of the mortality and life expectancy of men and women in the Republic of Crimea in 2008-2013. Mortality rate of men is higher than that of women, particularly from respiratory diseases, injuries and poisonings. The highest male mortality was observed in the young and active working age. It is shown that the average life expectancy of men in the Republic of Crimea was 10 years lower than that of women, and 12-13 lower than of men in developed countries. It has been found out that life expectancy depends on the socio-economic development of a country. Calculations given in the article show that GDP per capita is responsible for about 85% of the changes in the average life expectancy of men.

 

Bibliography

 

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Natalia M. RIMASHEVSKAYA, Marina M. MALYSHEVA, Tatiana V. MOROZOVA, Marina P. PISKLAKOVA-PARKER

Trans-generational violence in families

Key words: types of conflicts, communication dysfunction, physical, psychical and economic violence, punishment of children, gender-dysfunctional parenthood, spouses’ relationships.

Abstract. The article provides the data from the representative survey conducted in June 2015 in the Republic of Karelia (North of the Russian Federation) and focuses on the transition from generation to generation of violent models of relationships between parents and of their behavior towards children. There are considered various types of conflicts and their frequency in the older and younger generations, main forms of violence among spouses, adult children’s assessment of the relationship models of their parents and of their own, kinds of punishment of children and their attitude to punishments, parents’ cruelty, public humiliation of children, lack of communication skills in the relationships between parents and children.

 

Bibliography

 

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Alexander A. IUDIN., Anatoly A. OVSYANNIKOV, Elena S. KOVSHOVA

Parents of schoolchildren about the education system: reformists and conservatives

Key words: education reform, unified state examination, parents, schoolchildren, reformists, conservatives.

Abstract. The article discusses the new features of the interaction of parents with school emerging in the period of the radical reformation of the education system. It shows a high interest of parents to the education system in Russia, their polarized assessment of the perspectives of the system that can be seen in the opinions of two groups of parents — the reformists and the conservatives. The reformists believe that the system is developing, the conservatives are sure that it is intensively degrading. The reformists claim that the education reform is necessary, they are satisfied with its progress, and the overwhelming majority of them positively assess various aspects of its functioning. The conservatives rarely give a positive assessment of the education system and they negatively assess most of its characteristics. The principal difference between them is that the conservatives make claims to the process of forming a harmonic moral personality of the student, and the reformists are focused on the issues of forming a competitive person in the society of mass consumption. Representatives of both groups rarely agree that it is necessary to make our school maximally close to the education standards of western countries, they believe that Russia should form its own education system that meets the requirements of the time.

 

Bibliography

 

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  2. Moiseyev N.N. Problemy obrazovaniya [Problems of education]. Trudy N.N. Moiseyeva po voprosam sovremennogo obrazovaniya [Moiseyev’s Works on Modern Education Issues]. Moscow. MNEPU — Mezhdunarodnyy nezavisimyy ekologo-politologicheskiy universitet [International Independent Ecologo-Politological University] 2012. P. 134-137.
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  4. Moiseyev N.N. Sistema «uchitel'» i sovremennaya ekologicheskaya obstanovka [The system "Teacher" and modern environmental situation]. Trudy N.N. Moiseyeva po voprosam sovremennogo obrazovaniya [Moiseyev’s Works on Modern Education Issue]. Moscow. MNEPU — Mezhdunarodnyy nezavisimyy ekologo-politologicheskiy universitet [International Independent Ecologo-Politological University] 2012. P. 58-66.
  5. Moiseyev N.N. O mekhanizmakh samoorganizatsii obshchestva i meste razuma v yego razvitii. Lektsiya [On the mechanisms of self-organization of society and the place of reason in its development. Lecture]. Trudy N.N. Moiseyeva po voprosam sovremennogo obrazovaniya Moscow. MNEPU — Mezhdunarodnyy nezavisimyy ekologo-politologicheskiy universitet [International Independent Ecologo-Politological University] [Moiseyev’s Works on Modern Education Issues]. 2012. P. 13-32.
  6. Korduba S.B. Konstitutsionnaya obyazannost' roditeley zabotit'sya o detyakh v Rossiyskoy Federatsii [The constitutional duty of parents to take care of their children in the Russian Federation]. Cand. diss. (law). Saratov. 2011.
  7. Korovkin V.Yu. Sovmestnaya deyatel'nost' shkoly i roditeley kak usloviye stanovleniya gosudarstvenno-obshchestvennogo upravleniya obrazovaniyem [Joint activities of school and parents as a condition for formation of the state-public education management]. Cand. diss. (pedag.) Sankt-Petersburg. 2002.
  8. Merenkov A.V., Musina T.E. Uchitel' v sisteme vzaimodeystviya s roditelyami [Teacher in the system of interaction with parents]. Obrazovaniye: vremya peremen. Materialy i tezisy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii [Education: the Time of Changes. Proceedings of scientific and practical conference]. Yekaterinburg — Nizhny Tagil. 1992. P. 77-79
  9. Pochechikhina V.N. Osobennosti vzaimodeystviya osnovnykh sub"yektov obrazovatel'nogo protsessa v shkole: Sotsiologicheskiy analiz [Specifics of the interaction of the main subjects of educational process at school: sociological analysis]. Cand. diss. (sociol.). Yekaterinburg. 2004.
  10. Samara G.N. Sotsial'nyye problemy shkol'nogo obrazovaniya v sovremennykh usloviyakh: Sotsiologicheskiy analiz na primere stolichnogo megapolisa [Social problems of school education in modern conditions: sociological analysis on the example of the capital city]. Cand. diss. (sociоl.). Moscow. 2001.

 

Ksenia A. TROFIMOVA

Attitude of the Russian population towards insurance

Key words: insurance services, types of insurance, insurance behavior, use of insurance, demand for insurance.

Abstract. The article deals with analysis of the attitude of the population of Russian cities towards insurance. On the basis of official statistics and population surveys it shows the scale of using different types of insurance. It identifies the causes of a wider spread of the compulsory motor third party liability insurance (OSAGO), comprehensive and collision car insurance (CASCO), real estate and household insurance. There are considered specifics of the demand for different types of life insurance contracts. The level of the potential demand for different insurance services in the coming years is shown here. There are identified certain reasons explaining insurance behavior of Russian people, their attitude towards insurance, insurance companies, certain types of insurance services.

 

Bibliography

 

  1. World Insurance in 2015: Steady growth amid Regional Disparities. Swiss Re Sigma. 2016. No 3. Available at: http://www.swissre.com/library/sigma3_2016_en.html.
  2. Rossiyskiy statisticheskiy yezhegodnik 2015 [Statistical Yearbook of Russia 2015]. Мoscow. 2015. 728 p. Available at: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/doc_2015/year/ejegod-15.pdf.
  3. Federal'naya sluzhba gosudarstvennoy statistiki. Ofitsial'naya statistika. Finansovyy rynok. 2005-2015 gg. [Federal State Statistics Service. Official statistics. Financial market. 2005-2015]. Available at: http://www.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_main/rosstat/ru/ statistics/finance/#.
  4. Tsentral'nyy bank Rossiyskoy Federatsii. Finansovyye rynki. Sub"yekty strakhovogo dela. Statisticheskiye pokazateli i informatsiya ob otdel'nykh sub"yektakh strakhovogo dela. Dannyye za 2012-2015 gg. [The Central Bank of the Russian Federation.Financial markets. The subjects of the insurance business. Statistics and information about thesubjects of the insurance business. Data for 2012-2010]. Available at: https://www.cbr.ru/finmar-kets/Prtld=sv_insurance.
  5. Rosstat. Ofitsial'naya statistika. Ispol'zovannyy valovoy vnutrenniy produkt. Godovyye dannyye 1995-2011 gg., 2011-2013 gg., 2014-2015 gg. [Federal State Statistics Service. Official statistics. Gross domesticproduct. Annual data for 1995-2011, 2011-2013, 2014-2015].Available at: http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new site/vvp-god/tab.24htm.
  6. Sotsiologiya strakhovogo rynka po itogam 2013 goda [Sociology of the insurance market according to the results of the year 2013]. Tsentr strategicheskikh issledovaniy ROSGOSSTRAKha [Center for strategic research of the Rosstrakh]. Available at: http://www.rgs.ru/media/CSR/Sociology%20of%20the%20insurance%202013.pdf 
  7. Strategiya razvitiya strakhovoy deyatel'nosti v Rossiyskoy Federatsii do 2020 goda. Utverzhdena Rasporyazheniyem Pravitel'stva RF ot 22 iyulya 2013 g. № 1293 — R. [The Strategy for Development of the Insurance Activity in the Russian Federation till 2020. Approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated July 22, 2013No 1293-Р.]. Available at: http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&nd=102167121&intelsearch.

 

Irina I. KORCHAGINA, Lyudmila A. MIGRANOVA

Estimation of the quality of life according to the population survey outcomes

Key words: quality of life, material provision, living conditions, availability and quality of education, medical assistance.

Abstract. On the basis of the data from the sociological household survey in the city of Taganrog conducted by ISESP RAS in 2014 the article provides estimation of the quality of life of different socio-demographic groups and identifies the socio-economic problems that are most topical from the point of the city residents. In this study the quality of life of different socio-demographic groups was estimated by the concentration of unsatisfactory evaluations of the main characteristics of the level and quality of life, and the topicality of the problem – by the share of the unsatisfactory answers of all respondents. Households with high concentration of unsatisfactory assessments are mainly recorded among incomplete families and lone pensioners. According to the city residents, the most acute problems are low economic condition of households and lack of “barrier-free” environment for the disabled and people with limited mobility in the city.

 

Bibliography

 

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Vsevolod M. ZHEREBIN, Olga A. ALEXEEVA, Olga N. VERSHINSKAYA

Socio-psychological features of Internet users

Key words: new information reality, motivation of Internet users, language and norms of communication, new ways of personality formation.

Abstract. The Internet contains a great amount of information, and it is a huge area of human communication. Communication in the Internet has its specific features and characteristics. Using multiple opportunities of the worldwide network leads to structural and functional changes in the mental activity of persons. In particular, specific features of the communication in the net generate two kinds of phenomena: firstly, the Internet allows users to construct virtual personalities; secondly, there is a risk of emerging internet addiction among the users. Modern Internet technologies allow people to shape personality according to quite new criteria — now persons are mainly characterized by the number of friends in social networks, by the number of people interacting with them, the number of tweets and contacts in general. This leads to changes in the social norms and standards of “normal behavior”: now it is quite common to demonstrate publicly own thoughts (LiveJournal diaries), everyday life, to use obscene words in the practice of online comments, etc. And there emerges a general cultural narcissism, the key factor of which is that the Internet environment encourages people to form illusions about themselves. Boundless space for self-realization gives the Internet users the illusion of their unlimited possibilities, if not of omnipotence.

 

Bibliography

 

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  4. Toffler A. Shok budushchego [Future Shock] (in Russian). Moscow. AST Publishing House. 557 p.
  5. Arestova O.N., Babanin L.N., Voyskunsky A.E. Motivatsiya pol'zovateley interneta. Vvedeniye [Motivation of Internet users. Introduction]. Available at: http:hr-portal.ru>article/arestova-onbabanin...interneta.
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  7. Orsak M. Zavisimost' ot komp'yuternykh igr: prichiny, simptomy [Dependence on computer games: causes, symptoms]. Available at: http:psi-doctor.ru>zavisisimost-от.
  8. Kazakova N.U. Klassifikaciya video- i komp'yuternyh igr kak osnovopolagayushchij faktor otbora formal'nyh priznakov v gejm-dizajne [Video and computer game classification аs the prime factor in formal attribute selection within the framework of game design]. Nauchnoe obozrenie. Seriya 2. Gumanitarnye nauki [Scientific review. Series 2. Human sciences]. 2015. № 6. Р. 10-24.
  9. Chumakova V.A. Psikhologicheskiye osobennosti internet-kommunikatsiy v sotsial'nykh setyakh [Psychological specifics of Internet communications in social networks]. Molodoy uchenyy [Young Scientist]. 2013. №3. Р. 451-453.

 

Anna A. VYALSHINA

Socio-economic factors of the formation of children’s human capital

Key words: human capital, children, parents’ preferences, household income, family composition.

Abstract. The article presents a theoretical overview of the studies of Russian and foreign researchers aimed at investigating the specifics of the formation and development of children’s human capital. It shows that parent’s preferences are preconditioned by the socio-demographic and socio-psychological characteristics of their parents. There is analyzed the impact of parents’ education, employment status, distribution of time between the paid employment and upbringing children on the development and achievements of children. There are identified specific features of the formation of children’s human capital depending on the household income, family composition and number of children.

 

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